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The Collor Plan ((ポルトガル語:Plano Collor)), is the name given to a collection of economic reforms and inflation-stabilization plans carried out during the presidency of Fernando Collor de Mello of Brazil, between 1990 and 1992. The plan was officially called ''New Brazil Plan'' (Portuguese:''Plano Brasil Novo''), but it became closely associated with Collor himself, with "Plano Collor" becoming its de facto name. The Collor plan combined fiscal and trade liberalization with radical inflation stabilization measures.〔Welch, John H. Birch, Melissa. Smith, Russell.(ECONOMICS: BRAZIL ). Library of Congress. December 30, 2004. Retrieved on September 8, 2007.〕 The main inflation stabilization was coupled with an industrial and foreign trade reform program, the ''Industrial and Foreign Trade Policy'' (Portuguese: ''Política Industrial e de Comércio Exterior''), better known as PICE, and a privatization program dubbed the "National Privatization Program" (Portuguese: ''Programa Nacional de Desestatização''), better known as the PND. The plan's economic theory was previously laid out by economists Zelia Cardoso de Mello, Antônio Kandir, Álvaro Zini and Fábio Giambiagi.〔 The actual plan to be implemented was written by Antônio Kandir and economists Ibrahim Eris, Venilton Tadini, Luís Otávio da Motta Veiga, Eduardo Teixeira and João Maia.〔Carvalho, Calos Eduardo. (As origens e a gênese do Plano Collor ). Nova Economia. Vol.16 No.1. Belo Horizonte. January–April 2006. Retrieved on September 8, 2007.〕 The plan was announced on March 16, 1990, one day after Collor's inauguration.〔 Its intended policies included: 〔Villela, Anibal. (The Collor Plan and the Industrial and Foreign Trade Policy ). Institute of Applied Economic Research. 1997. Retrieved September 8, 2007.〕 * Replacement of the existing currency, the ''Cruzado Novo'' by the ''Cruzeiro'' at a parity exchange rate (Cr$ 1.00 = NCz$ 1.00), * Freezing 80% of private assets for 18 months (receiving the prevailing rate of inflation plus 6% in interest while frozen), * An extremely high tax on all financial transactions, * Indexation of taxes, * Elimination of most fiscal incentives, * Increase in the prices charged by public utilities, * The adoption of a floating exchange rate, * Gradual economic opening to foreign competition, * Temporary freeze on wages and prices, * The extinction of several government agencies, with plans for a reduction of over 300,000 government employees, * Stimulus of privatization and the beginning of economic deregulation. ==Inflation stabilization plans== Three separate plans to stabilize inflation were carried out during Collor's two years in power. The first two, Collor Plans I and II, were headed by the finance minister, Zélia Cardoso de Mello. In May 1991, Zélia was replaced by Marcílio Marques Moreira, who carried out a homonymous plan, the Marcílio Plan (Portuguese: Plano Marcílio).〔Bresser-Pereira, Luiz Carlos. (O Décimo-primeiro Plano de Estabilização ). ''Combate à Inflação e Reforma Fiscal''. Rio de Janeiro. pp.132-150. 1992. Retrieved September 8, 2007.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Plano Collor」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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